- A genius who has been glowingly recognized in the annals of medical science. Born to sage Vishwamitra, Acharya Sushrut details the first ever surgery procedures in “Sushrut Samhita,” a unique encyclopedia of surgery. He is venerated as the father of plastic surgery and the science of anesthesia.
- When surgery was in its infancy in Europe, Sushrut was performing Rhinoplasty (restoration of a damaged nose) and other challenging operations. In the “Sushrut Samhita,” he prescribes treatment for twelve types of fractures and six types of dislocations. His details on human embryology are simply amazing.
- Sushrut used 125 types of surgical instruments including scalpels, lancets, needles, Cathers and rectal speculums; mostly designed from the jaws of animals and birds. He has also described a number of stitching methods; the use of horse’s hair as thread and fibers of bark.
Susruta Samhita is the earliest known authoritive treatise on Ayurveda.It was written by susruta son of viswamitra,who was a pupil of the sage Divodasa Dhanwantari, the king of kashi and god of medicine. It is the compilation of the latter’s teachings on Ayurveda giving a special emphasis on Shalya Tantra(surgery). It has been written 3000 yrs back.The book available to us is the redacted version by Nagarjuna, which contains a supplement added by him called Uttara Tantra. It is the most ancient document on this branch of medical science not merely of India but also of the whole world.
It is being studied since long by all Ayurvedists. Scholars of medicine of western countries also have undertaken its study in the last two countries and have admired the achievements of surgeons of ancient India. It has maintained its popularity as an indisputable testimony of ancient Indian scientific achievements.
The book has earned Susruta the title ‘Father of Surgery’. He classified all surgical operations into eight kinds and also enumerated 101 types of blunt instruments and 21 sharp instruments used in surgery, in ayurveda the Indian system of medicine and health.
Dr. Hoernle, editor of the Bower Manuscript states that the book must have been revised between 400 and 500 AD. As such, it was written after the Charaka samhita.
The Susruta Samhita has six main divisions :
They are:
- Sutra Sthana
- Nidana Sthana
- Sarira Sthana
- Chikitsa Sthana
- Kalpa Sthana and
- Uttara Sthana
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